International Forum on Audio-Visual Research ‒ Jahrbuch des Phonogrammarchivs 9
Nummer:
9
1. Auflage, 2018
Anlässlich des 110. Geburtstages des Phonogrammarchivs fasste Rudolf M. Brandl, damals Direktor des Phonogrammarchivs, den Entschluss, einen periodisch erscheinenden Sammelband, das Jahrbuch des Phonogrammarchivs, ins Leben zu rufen, das 2010 zum ersten Mal erschien. Die inhaltliche Ausrichtung schließt sowohl Beiträge zur Technik, wie Aufnahmetechnik, Langzeitbewahrung oder Re-Recording, als auch zu inhaltlichen Auswertungen der Sammlungsbestände und Diskursen von Feldforschungsmethoden mit ein. Entsprechend der internationalen Vernetzung des Phonogrammarchivs bietet das Jahrbuch somit eine Plattform für den Gedankenaustausch zu diesen Themen im Kreise internationaler SpezialistInnen. Die Beiträge stammen von MitarbeiterInnen des Phonogrammarchivs sowie KooperationspartnerInnen (Deponenten) und internationalen ForscherInnen, die mit dem Phonogrammarchiv in Kontakt stehen.
Das Jahrbuch 9 – dem Gedenken an Rudolf M. Brandl gewidmet – ist das dritte, das die verschriftlichten Texte einer vom Phonogrammarchiv ausgerichteten Tagung beinhaltet. 2018 war die Herausgabe der „Recordings from Prisoner-of-War Camps, World War I (Serien 17/1–5 der Gesamtausgabe der Historischen Bestände 1899–1950“) der Anlass, ForscherInnen im Rahmen eines eintägigen Symposiums zu einem Gedankenaustausch über „Eine ‚außergewöhnliche Forschungsgelegenheit‘ in den k. u. k. Kriegsgefangenenlagern: kritische Reflexionen 100 Jahre danach“ einzuladen. Neben den Beiträgen von A. Gingrich, R. Johler, M. Weber, G. Klumpp, I. Baldauf und F. Mühlfried enthält dieser Band auch wieder einen Feldforschungsbericht (E. Nikolaros) sowie drei Buchbesprechungen und den Tätigkeitsbericht des Phonogrammarchivs für 2017.
Vorwort
Preface
1. BEITRÄGE
Ethnography from Vienna in World War I Prisoner-of-War Camps: premises, implications, and consequences for socio-cultural anthropology in German
Andre GINGRICH
The War, the Soldiers, the Prisoners, and the Folklorists in Europe: a comparative research summary
Reinhard JOHLER
„… gelegentlich zum Teil musikwissenschaftlich fast wertlos“: zu Robert Lachs Studien Gesänge russischer Kriegsgefangener
zu Robert Lachs Studien Gesänge russischer Kriegsgefangener als Beitrag zur „vergleichenden Musikwissenschaft“
Michael WEBER
“Visiting Relatives”: on prisoners of war in Finno-Ugric studies Gerson KLUMPP
Voices from the Camp: phonographic recordings and personal documents of Tatar/Bashkir prisoners of war (1914–1919) Ingeborg BALDAUF
Recordings from Prisoner-of-War Camps, World War I from
an Outsider’s Perspective: an essay
Florian MÜHLFRIED
3. REZENSIONEN
Ignazio Macchiarella & Emilio Tamburini. 2018. Le voci ritrovate.
Canti e narrazioni di prigionieri italiani della Grande Guerra
negli archivi sonori di Berlino. Udine: nota.
Gerda LECHLEITNER
Dan Lundberg. 2018. Singing through the Bars. Prison Songs as
Identity Markers and as Cultural Heritage. (Skrifter utgivna av
Svenskt Visarkiv, 44). Stockholm: Svenskt Visarkiv / Statens Musikverk. Gerda LECHLEITNER
Susanne Ziegler, Ingrid Åkesson, Gerda Lechleitner & Susana Sardo (eds.). 2017. Historical Sources of Ethnomusicology in Contemporary Debate. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Julio MENDÍVIL
Tätigkeitsbericht des Phonogrammarchivs für das Jahr 2017
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
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Produktdetails
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Autor:innen / Herausgeber:innen
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Schlagworte
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weiterführende Links, Online Edition
Vorwort - Preface
Seite 15 - 22 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s15
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Ethnography from Vienna in World War I Prisoner-of-War Camps: premises, implications, and consequences for socio-cultural anthropology in German
This analysis investigates the kind of ethnography pursued by Austro-Hungarian and German anthropologists during World War I among prisoners
Schlagworte: Ethnography, anthropology, fieldwork, POW camps, contextualization, comparative analysis
Seite 23 - 40 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s23
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The War, the Soldiers, the Prisoners, and the Folklorists in Europe: a comparative research summary
For many sciences, the outbreak of the First World War was understood as a “research opportunity that would never be seen again”. Particularly for young and relatively unestablished disciplines—such as anthropology and folklore— the war represented a once-in-a-lifetime chance. In this vein, the war was seen as a “laboratory”, and a wide range of research projects were quickly established on the front, in staging areas, and even in the rapidly growing prisoner- of-war camps. For the first time, this article provides an overview of the wide array of research projects undertaken by German, Austrian, and Hungarian folklorists and anthropologists on one side of the war, as well as research done by their British, French, and Italian colleagues on the other side of the front lines. On the one hand, this article will describe the historical background of such research, which stretches back to the 19th century. Particularly in the German-speaking countries, the studies done in prisoner-of-war camps were closely associated with the institutionalization of anthropology and folklore as scientific fields. On the other hand, this paper identifies and presents a variety of different patterns of anthropological and folkloristic research that were organized in very different ways across Europe. One commonality between all of the research carried out during the World War is that the results were ultimately compiled to form large collections. Their presents are every bit as divergent as the respective histories of these collections—particularly with respect to the phonographic recordings taken during the war.
Schlagworte: anthropology, European folklore, research survey, institutionalization, collection strategies
Reinhard Johler
Seite 41 - 79 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s41
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„… gelegentlich zum Teil musikwissenschaftlich fast wertlos“: zu Robert Lachs Studien Gesänge russischer Kriegsgefangener als Beitrag zur „vergleichenden Musikwissenschaft“
Der Musikwissenschaftler, Komponist und Dichter Robert Lach (1874–1958) führte auf Vorschlag des Arztes und Anthropologen Rudolf Pöch (1870–1921) im August und September 1916 im Lager Eger (heute Cheb, Tschechische Republik) und von August bis Oktober 1917 in Budapest (Ungarn), im Lager Spratzern bei St. Pölten und in Harth bei Amstetten (Österreich) musikalische Studien bei russischen Kriegsgefangenen durch. Von den in den beiden Vorläufigen Berichten genannten 1.552 „Aufnahmen nach dem Gehör“ fanden 1.441 Transkriptionen Eingang in die nachfolgend von 1926 bis 1952 veröffentlichten neun Bände Gesänge russischer Kriegsgefangener. Im Beitrag wird insbesondere die eminente evolutionistische Grundierung der Untersuchungen, die bereits in dem 1913 erschienenen Buch Studien zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der ornamentalen Melopöie (der überarbeiteten Druckfassung von Lachs Dissertation) anzutreffen ist, und deren Einbettung in Lachs Konzept einer „vergleichenden Musikwissenschaft“ mithilfe von ausgedehnten Zitaten herausgearbeitet, weiters werden die abgedruckten Transkriptionen einer knappen Charakterisierung unterzogen. Bemerkungen zur Rezeption der Bände sowie zur politischen Einstellung und akademischen Laufbahn Robert Lachs ergänzen die Diskussion.
Schlagworte: Robert Lach, Gesänge russischer Kriegsgefangener, Erster Weltkrieg, vergleichende Musikwissenschaft, Evolutionismus, Transkription, Entwicklungsgeschichte
Seite 80 - 118 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s80
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“Visiting Relatives”: on prisoners of war in Finno-Ugric studies
The present article is about the documentation of soldiers as language bearers and singers. During both world wars, science institutions in Austria-Hungary, Finland, Estonia, and Germany made use of the situation in which representatives of different nations and languages were accessible in prisoner-of-war camps, and collected data for anthropological, linguistic and musicological research. Relations between the researchers and the researched varied, and the collected data were edited and published with different degrees of rigour. The documentation of languages was probably the most successful discipline, which seemed less burdened by excessively high expectations. Due to technical progress making possible the recording of sound, these documentation activities produced touching sound documents, which, however, are less extensive and of lower scientific value than the written documents. The Finno-Ugric languages of Russia in the first half of the 20th century are today documented in corpora which contain to a substantial degree contributions by prisoners of war. This refers equally to texts and lexical resources.
Schlagworte: Prisoners of war, World War I, World War II, Finno-Ugric languages, linguistics, musicology, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, Finno-Ugric Society
Seite 119 - 151 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s119
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Voices from the Camp: phonographic recordings and personal documents of Tatar/Bashkir prisoners of war (1914–1919)
Among the POWs whose songs and spoken texts were captured for various purposes by the scholars directing the early 20th century phonographic projects of imperial Austria and Germany, there were Turkic-speakers from the Russian Empire—Volga and Crimean Tatars, Bashkirs and others. On the German side, these POWs were inmates of the Wünsdorf/Zossen camps south of Berlin. Thanks to their efforts, recorded materials were included in a volume authored by Gotthold Weil in 1930. Along with these traces of their physiological voices, many of the Wünsdorf inmates have also left behind written testimony: diary-like notebooks, booklets containing poems and song-texts, and letters that were intercepted and never reached their authors’ loved ones back home in the Volga-Ural-Steppes region. While the voice recordings were produced at the behest of scholars, the written materials are a genuine proof of their authors’ social voice. Regardless of reconnaissance activity going on in the background of the phonographic project, the inmates felt free enough to keep a record of their everyday life in detention, wrote up part of their experience in war and imprisonment, and noted down various kinds of texts of interest to themselves. There are some intertextual connections between these personal documents, including some of the letters, and materials from the phonographic project. This paper analyses some of the phonographic and written materials in order to shed light on the war experience of the POWs, paying due attention to their own voice(s).
Schlagworte: WWI, phonographic projects in imperial Austrian and German prisoner-of- war camps, Tatar/Bashkir prisoners of war, notebooks, letters, sound recordings, sung and spoken texts
Seite 152 - 182 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s152
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Recordings from Prisoner-of-War Camps, World War I from an Outsider’s Perspective: an essay
The starting point for this essay is the history of the edition of the Recordings from Prisoner-of-War Camps, World War I by the Phonogrammarchiv of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. By comparing this edition with previous publications concerning the academic studies of prisoners of war during World War I, it will be argued that a considerable strength of this edition lies in the thoughtful contextualisation and exploration of the conditions under which the recordings were made. It is precisely the history of the recordings which defines its value. Considering the context of power asymmetry between the researcher and the researched, the question is raised whether the recordings document a historically unique situation of fieldwork, or represent a rather common form of fieldwork.
Schlagworte: Recordings from Prisoner-of-War Camps, Phonogrammarchiv, history of the recordings, contextualisation, Power
Florian Mühlfried
Seite 183 - 192 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s183
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Volksmusik und Veränderung der Bräuche in Epiros (Feldforschung Griechenland 2017)
Seite 193 - 202 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s193
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Ignazio Macchiarella and Emilio Tamburini. 2018. Le voci ritrovate. Canti e narrazioni di prigionieri italiani della Grande Guerra negli archivi sonori di Berlino. Udine: nota.
Seite 203 - 205 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s203
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Dan Lundberg. 2018. Singing through the Bars. Prison Songs as Identity Markers and as Cultural Heritage. (Skrifter utgivna av Svenskt Visarkiv, 44). Stockholm: Svenskt Visarkiv / Statens Musikverk.
Seite 206 - 208 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s206
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Susanne Ziegler, Ingrid Åkesson, Gerda Lechleitner and Susana Sardo (eds.). 2017. Historical Sources of Ethnomusicology in Contemporary Debate. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Seite 209 - 212 | doi: https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa9s209
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Ausgabe:
978-3-7001-8454-6, Zeitschriftenausgabe, broschiert, 25.04.2018
Auflage:
1. Auflage
Seitenzahl:
230 Seiten
Format:
22,5x15,0cm
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI (Link zur Online Edition):