This volume of the series ‘Forschungen in Ephesos’ presents a monument from Ephesos’ Greek past. The altar of the Artemision is a large construction with a screenwall and columns, a predecessor of later altars such as those at Magnesia and Pergamon. The building had already been discussed and reconstructed via drawings before the discovery of its foundations in 1965, since in 1900 building blocks belonging to it were found reused in the Marble street near the theatre in Ephesus. This volume documents the archival drawings and manuscripts of the Austrian Archaeological Institute, and presents the history of research as well as all proposed reconstructions of the monument. In addition to the building blocks found at the site of the altar itself, it has also been possible to include here for the first time the architectural and sculptural elements reused as spolia in the area of St. John’s Basilica.