Inequality and Equality in Samosir (Sumatra) – The Social Structure of the Pre-colonial Toba-Batak of Samosir (Sumatra) in Comparison to Societies on Mainland Southeast Asia: This volume attempts at reconstructing the pre-colonial social structures of the Toba-Batak peoples of the Samosir peninsula in North Sumatra. Because production relationships among the Toba-Batak were based on kinship (lineage organization and asymmetrical alliance structures) and in turn, these were the basis for Toba- Batak economic and political organisation, a distinct and independent economic sphere cannot be said to have existed. In part II of the volume, the social structures of the pre-colonial Toba-Batak are compared to those of ethnic groups on the Southeast Asian mainland, especially with the Jarai of Vietnam and Cambodia. The author examines Heine-Geldern’s hypothesis that the three sacred “kings” of the Toba-Batak can considered equivalent to the pötao of the Jarai (“kings of fire, water and the wind”). In the course of the investigation, it became clear that in both societies, the institution of a sacred leader is linked to contacts between these highland groups and those of the lowlands. As are the Toba-Batak “kings”, pötao are worshipped by neighboring tribal groups. In addition, regular ritual trade was conducted between the Jarai and the Khmer in the west, and the Cham and later the Vietnamese in the east.
Verwandtschaftsorganisation der Toba-Batak Samosirs
Page 41 - 46
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Ökonomische Struktur der vorkolonialen Toba-Batak Samosirs
Page 47 - 118
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Die politische Struktur der vorkolonialen Batak Samosirs
Page 119 - 402
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Zusammenfassung und Schlussfolgerungen
Page 403 - 406
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Summary and Conclusions
Page 407 - 410
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Ketidaksamarataan dan egalitas. Struktur sosial suku Batak-Toba di Samosir (Sumatera) diperbandingkan dengan masyarakat-masyarakat di benua Asia Tenggara
Page 411 - 412
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Appendices
Page 413 - 458
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Abbildungsverzeichnis
Page 459 - 460
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Grafikverzeichnis
Page 461 - 462
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Literaturverzeichnis
Page 463 - 486
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Glossar: Emische Termini des Toba-Batak und des Indonesischen