Tilmann Vetter was a Full Professor of Buddhist studies at Leiden University from 1975 until his retirement in 2000. He was an internationally renowned scholar of Indian philosophy and Buddhism. His untimely death in 2012 prevented him from finishing several significant projects. This volume contains a partial reconstruction of materials relating to the planned revision of his book “The Ideas and Meditative Practices of Early Buddhism” (1988), as well as scripts and lecture manuscripts on fundamental aspects of Indian thought, Advaita Vedānta, special aspects of Buddhist teaching, and the earliest Chinese translations of Buddhist texts. Additionally, it offers an English translation of Professor Vetter's inaugural lecture in Leiden, revised English versions of three published articles, and a complete bibliography of his publications by A. Ferreira-Jardim.