The archaeological site of Svinjarička Čuka, which is situated on a slightly elevated river terrace in southern Serbia, has been the subject of investigation by an international research team since 2018 as part of an interdisciplinary Austrian-Serbian collaboration. The prehistoric occupation of the terrace dates back to the early Neolithic period and extends through the Copper and Bronze ages into the Iron Age. The most important scientific data on the Neolithisation process in Serbia and a representative selection of the most significant finds from the first excavation campaigns are presented for the first time in this bilingual (English and Serbian) volume accompanying the permanent exhibition at the National Museum in Leskovac. Evidence of a permanent, solid built architecture of the Neolithic Starčevo culture from around 6000 BCE and the rich find assemblages provide an insight into the material culture of the first sedentary societies practising agriculture in a region that links the cultures of the Mediterranean with those of the Danube region along the major river corridors. The individual chapters not only provide an overview of the excavation results and the material data, but also of the landscape of the Leskovac Basin and the discovery of the site with the help of systematic surveys and geophysical prospection methods. In addition, this book provides insights into the diverse application of multi-disciplinary methods in the evaluation of finds (such as micromorphology, use-wear and residue analyses, and radiocarbon dating) and into the extensive sampling programme of archaeological, geological, anthropological, archaeozoological and archaeobotanical material using state-of-the-art scientific analyses in laboratories.