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Archaeological Prospection is a fascinating discipline using High-Tech instrumentation for the non-destructive localisation and documentation of archaeological sites and monuments. The book of abstracts of the fourth international conference on Archaeological Prospection held in Vienna in 2013 provides an overview over state of the art methodology, techniques and applications from all over the world. Satellite imagery, airborne remote sensing and aerial archaeology as well as geophysical prospecting (magnetics, resistivity survey, ground penetrating radar etc.) help the archaeologist to monitor and search whole landscapes, to detect new sites and to map their inner details with high accuracy. The prospection data is used for visualisations of our archaeological heritage buried in the ground. New spectacular prospection results including recently detected Chinese imperial palace sites, new insights into the surroundings of Egyptian pyramids and towns, Roman towns and villas and mysterious circular ditch systems from the Neolithic are reported by the world`s leading prospecting archaeologists and geophysicists. 

Proceedings of the 10th International Conference - Vienna May 29th - June 2nd 2013

Archaeological Prospection

Geleitwort | Vorwort | Wege der interdisziplinären Forschung von Archäologie und Geophysik | Einleitung | Systematische Prospektion der Kreisgrabenanlagen in Österreich | Prospektionsmethodik | Archäologische Auswertung der systematischen Prospektion | Astronomische Aspekte der Kreisgrabenanlagen in Niederösterreich | Katalog | Literaturverzeichnis

Durch die Kombination aller verfügbaren Informationen in einem geographischen Informationssystem konnten räumliche und statistische Analysen vorgenommen werden, die auch mit den bisher bekannten Anlagen aus dem gesamten Verbreitungsraum verglichen werden. Die Datengrundlage bietet auch die Möglichkeit der virtuellen Rekonstruktion der Kreisgrabenanlagen und ermöglicht eine Untersuchung der astronomischen Aspekte der aufwendig errichteten Bauwerke. Das Ergebnis zeigt die Vielfalt der Ausformungen der Monumente und ihre Gemeinsamkeiten, die von den Siedlern der Mährisch-Ostösterreichischen Gruppe der Lengyel-Kultur in Österreich in einem kurzen Zeitraum errichtet und genutzt wurden und bringt neue Hinweise zur Deutung der Funktion der ersten Monumentalbauten Mitteleuropas. In the middle Neolithic period (4850/4800–4600/4550 BC), all over Central Europe beyond the cultural boundaries, archeology has shown that monumental buildings were erected. These so called circular ditch constructions consisted of up to four circular, deep ditches creating an interior space fenced off by palisade walls. In 2003–2004 the central area of distribution in Lower Austria was examined by systematic geophysical – archaeological prospection. Based on the standardised plans now, for the first time a detailed examination of the Austrian circular ditch construction is possible. By combining all available information in a geographic information system, special and statistical analysis can be carried out and compared with known constructions in the complete distribtution area. The database also offers the opportunity for virtual reconstruction of the circular ditch constructions and faciltiatesexamination of the astronomic aspects of the lavishly constructed buildings which were erected and used by the settlers of the Moravian-East Austrian Group of the Lengyelculture in Austria within a short period.



The result shows the various forms of the monuments and their common features, and leads to new evidence on the interpretation of the function of the first monumental buildings in Central Europe. 

Geophysikalische-archäologische Prospektion ‒ ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsprojekt

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Mittelneolithische Kreisgrabenanlagen in Niederösterreich

Das vorliegende Werk stellt die historische Entwicklung der geomagnetischen archäologischen Prospektion mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Entwicklung in Österreich bis zum Jahre 2000 dar. In einem eigenen Abschnitt werden die zum Verständnis der Methodik notwendigen Grundlagen dargelegt. Neben der Darstellung der Meßinstrumente und der Logistik der Feldarbeit wird besonders die Datenauswertung, Datenbearbeitung und Visualisierung als Schwerpunkt behandelt. Die Magnetogramme, die Ergebnisse dreidimensionaler Modellrechnungen und die Kombination mit weiteren Prospektionsdaten bilden die Grundlage für die kombinierte GIS-basierte archäologische Interpretation, die einen weiteren Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bildet. Im Rahmen der Behandlung der Kombination von Prospektionsdaten wird auch kurz auf die Widerstandsmessung und das Georadar eingegangen. Magnetics, the most efficient geophysical prospection method in archaeology, is based on the fact that archaeological structures produce slight anomalies in the Earth´s magnetic field. By measuring with high resolution cesiummagnetometers in a raster of 0.125x0.5m and by visualisation of the data as digital greyscale image (magnetogram) archaeological monuments hidden in the ground become visible. The historic development of the archaeological geomagnetic prospection abroad and in Austria until 2000 as well as the physical basics of the method are presented. Beside the presentation of the measuring devices developed during the last decade, field logistics, data processing and visualisation are the main topics. A special aspect is threedimensional modelling and reconstruction of archaeological structures based on magnetic data. The magnetograms, the results of modelling and the combination with further prospection data are the input and the basis for subsequent archaeological interpretation effected in a Geographical Information System. Resistivity surveys and ground penetrating radar are discussed as well by presenting the techniques of digital combination of prospection data.

Magnetische Prospektion in der Archäologie

Archaeological Prospection is a fascinating discipline using High-Tech instrumentation for the non-destructive localisation and documentation of archaeological sites and monuments. The book of abstracts of the fourth international conference on Archaeological Prospection held in Vienna in 2001 provides an overview over state of the art methodology, techniques and applications from all over the world. Satellite imagery, airborne remote sensing and aerial archaeology as well as geophysical prospecting (magnetics, resistivity survey, ground penetrating radar etc.) help the archaeologist to monitor and search whole landscapes, to detect new sites and to map their inner details with high accuracy. The prospection data is used for visualisations of our archaeological heritage buried in the ground. New spectacular prospection results including recently detected Chinese imperial palace sites, new insights into the surroundings of Egyptian pyramids and towns, Roman towns and villas and mysterious circular ditch systems from the Neolithic are reported by the world’s leading prospecting archaeologists and geophysicists. 

Wolfgang Neubauer

Products

Archaeological Prospection

Mittelneolithische Kreisgrabenanlagen in Niederösterreich

Magnetische Prospektion in der Archäologie

Archaeological Prospection